compare wordpress theme

We Compare WordPress Themes to Help You Choose

Nearly 3.2 million active installs across three leading products show how fast the market is moving — and how much is at stake for your site.

We built this guide for decision-makers in Singapore who need clear, business-focused advice today. WPBeginner’s 2025 roundup names Sydney, SeedProd, and Divi as market leaders — each praised for speed, security, and real-world usability.

Our hands-on testing follows WP101’s advice: we use real website builds to measure setup speed, customization, performance, and plugin compatibility. That means recommendations based on live behavior — not polished demos.

We focus on practical outcomes: Core Web Vitals, WooCommerce readiness, starter templates, and support quality. These factors cut build time and protect user experience — helping teams scale without unnecessary bloat.

Shortlist quickly, test smartly, and align your design and tools with local visitor habits — that is our promise. The rest of the guide unpacks niche vs. multipurpose options, store-ready choices, and how each pick affects your business metrics.

Key Takeaways

  • We test themes on real sites to reveal true performance and setup time.
  • Sydney, SeedProd, and Divi lead for business, no‑code builds, and visual control.
  • Prioritize speed, security, and Core Web Vitals for better visitor experience.
  • Starter templates and docs cut build time and reduce future risk.
  • Local mobile behavior in Singapore shapes design and conversion choices.

Why theme choice matters today for Singapore businesses

Selecting the right site foundation directly shapes acquisition costs and conversion rates for Singapore businesses.

Fast, accessible websites win more organic traffic and build trust with visitors. A solid theme underpins user experience and performance — affecting Core Web Vitals and perceived quality. That reduces campaign friction and technical bottlenecks.

Mobile-first browsing and multilingual needs are the norm here. Pick a theme with robust responsiveness, translation readiness, and clear integration paths to avoid costly workarounds.

Scalability matters: maintainable updates, stable plugin compatibility, and clean code cut technical debt. This helps owners manage governance — reusable parts and documented patterns speed safe content updates.

  • Industry fit: finance, travel, and eCommerce need speed, compliance, and clear functionality.
  • Economics: fewer rebuilds and less troubleshooting support long-term ROI.
  • Stakeholder alignment: balance marketing velocity with IT stability for predictable launches.
ImpactWhat to checkBusiness benefitPriority
PerformanceLightweight code, CWVLower acquisition costHigh
UX & MobileResponsive layouts, touch UIBetter engagementHigh
IntegrationPlugin compatibility, APIsCampaign agilityMedium
GovernanceDocumentation, reusable partsFaster updatesMedium

Our testing methodology: real sites, real performance, real support

We run full site builds and migrations to reveal how setup speed and functionality hold up in practice. This hands‑on approach shows real operational costs—time to import demos, initial configuration steps, and how the interface feels for content teams.

Setup experience and demo import speed

We time demo imports and count steps to a usable homepage. Faster imports and fewer clicks reduce launch risk for Singapore businesses.

Responsive design, UX, and mobile testing across devices

Using a device lab (iOS and Android, varied networks) we check layout shifts, tap targets, and readability. We simulate local conditions to judge mobile-first behaviour.

Plugin compatibility: WooCommerce, page builders, and essential tools

We validate plugins such as WooCommerce, Elementor, SeedProd, and Divi Builder to ensure feature parity. This validates the stack you’ll use for marketing, commerce, and editorial workflows.

Speed, Core Web Vitals, and Lighthouse/GTmetrix benchmarks

We record Lighthouse and GTmetrix runs and monitor Core Web Vitals in lab and field tests. Scores are paired with payload audits to isolate theme impact from hosting and plugin variables.

Update cadence, documentation, and customer support quality

Support reliability matters. We review changelogs, knowledge bases, and ticket response times to score operational risk and maintenance effort.

  • Reproducibility: version logs, test datasets, and environment notes for each assessment.
  • Edge cases: long product grids, complex menus, localisation, and checkout flows.
  • Editorial tools: template builders and pattern libraries for non‑technical users.

Our scoring rubric weights performance, usability, compatibility, and support to produce practical recommendations. For a quick primer on speeding site performance in real deployments, see our optimisation guide: speed up your WordPress site.

Niche vs multipurpose: which approach fits your site’s goals?

Choosing the right site foundation starts with a clear view of trade-offs between industry-specific builds and all‑purpose designs. We frame the decision around launch speed, ongoing customization, and governance.

Multipurpose flexibility for long‑term customization

Multipurpose solutions offer the widest range of templates and a strong builder ecosystem. They give teams maximum flexibility to add pages, landing sections, and new features as the business evolves.

That flexibility often means more setup work up front. Yet, when content velocity is high, a flexible approach reduces future rework — reusable blocks, role controls, and global styles make governance easier.

Niche themes with built‑in industry features

Niche options shine when you need ready-made blocks for a specific industry. Travel sites get itinerary layouts; stores get product grids, filters, and checkout UX out of the box. That speeds time‑to‑value.

Trade-offs are clear: a niche solution shortens setup but can limit long‑term customization as new requirements appear.

“Pilot core flows — home, product, and checkout — before you commit.”

We recommend a short pilot in Singapore conditions. Test core flows on both options, measure speed, and validate editorial workflows. The right approach reduces rework and aligns the site to your operational needs.

  1. When to choose multipurpose: rapid growth, many page types, strong builder needs.
  2. When to choose niche: fast launch, industry workflows, minimal customization needs.

Editor’s quick picks for 2025: best overall, fastest, and top value

Our editors distilled top picks that suit Singapore businesses aiming for fast launches and long‑term reliability. We focused on real metrics — installs, reviews, starter kits, and measurable performance.

Best overall business theme: Sydney

Sydney is our pick for business sites. It has 100,000+ installs, 700+ five‑star reviews, and 28+ starter sites.

Key strengths: Elementor widgets, WooCommerce integration, blogging layouts, and strong speeds.

Best no‑code custom builder: SeedProd

SeedProd stands out for no‑code teams. Over 1M installs and 300+ site kits make fast builds realistic.

Notable features: AI site creation, global parts, a full theme builder, and WooCommerce support.

Best for total visual control: Divi

Divi offers deep customization and a massive layout library. With 2M+ installs and wide user feedback, it suits design‑led teams.

Benefits: front‑end visual builder, 1‑click importer, and extensive modules for pixel control.

Best WooCommerce store theme: Botiga

Botiga focuses on shop conversions. It adds quick view, fly‑out cart, wishlists, filters, and sticky add‑to‑cart — all tuned for speed and Lighthouse results.

Fastest multipurpose starter: Astra

Astra is the speed champion among multipurpose options. Its lightweight base, 300+ demos, and builder compatibility make it ideal for rapid, performance‑minded launches.

How to pick: shortlist two options aligned to team skills — no‑code, design control, or eCommerce — then run a short pilot build. Performance and support quality are the common thread across our picks.

Deep dives: Sydney, SeedProd, and Divi compared

We audited starter kits, editor flows, and performance to map each product to common business needs in Singapore. Below we highlight core strengths and practical trade‑offs so teams can pick by role — marketer, editor, or designer.

Sydney

Business‑ready starters: 28+ starter designs, Elementor custom blocks (carousel, pricing, timeline), and a template builder for headers and footers.

Sydney delivers fast loads and SEO‑optimized structure. Its WooCommerce integration makes it a solid pick for corporate stores and service sites.

SeedProd

Builder-first approach: drag‑and‑drop theme and landing page builder with live previews, coming soon modes, and an AI website creator.

With 80+ premium blocks and centralized global parts, SeedProd speeds up reuse and editorial workflows for marketing teams.

Divi

Visual control: massive layout library, inline editing, global styles, and a deep module set for granular customization.

Divi suits design-led agencies. Expect a steeper interface learning curve — but powerful repeatable systems and excellent support once mastered.

AreaSydneySeedProdDivi
Starter kits28+Robust templatesMassive layout packs
EditorElementor blocksLive previews, AIVisual builder, inline edit
eCommerceWooCommerce readyWooCommerce supportBroad integration
Learning curveApproachableApproachableSteep, deep

How to choose: marketers and content teams often prefer SeedProd or Sydney for speed and simple customization. Design teams that need pixel control will favour Divi — with the caveat that optimization work may be required to keep performance high.

WooCommerce focus: themes engineered for conversions and seamless integration

High‑converting store layouts reduce friction and lift sales when every click matters. We look at three options that speed launch and keep checkout fast for Singapore stores.

Botiga: quick view, fly‑out cart, wishlists, and product filters

Botiga bundles conversion features—quick view, mini/fly‑out cart, wishlists, size charts, and sticky add‑to‑cart. These cut steps from browse to purchase and help increase conversions.

Astra: 300+ demos, WooCommerce enhancements, speed advantage

Astra gives fast architecture and broad page‑builder support. Its demo library accelerates site builds while keeping performance and SEO priorities intact.

Kadence: header builder, optimized checkout, high‑converting product pages

Kadence focuses on clarity—advanced header controls and checkout optimisations reduce friction on mobile. Product pages convert better with clear CTAs and quick load times.

AreaBotigaAstraKadence
Conversion toolsQuick view, wishlists, filtersCart enhancements, demosOptimized checkout, header
PerformanceEngineered for speed (Lighthouse)Speed‑first baseLean code, fast pages
IntegrationWooCommerce plugins compatibleWide plugins & buildersStrong WooCommerce integration
Best forMerchandising-heavy shopsRapid store launchesHigh-converting checkouts

Test key funnels with real product data—category → product → cart → checkout. That pilot reveals gaps in merchandising tools and analytics that affect customers and sales.

More flexible multipurpose standouts: Ultra, OceanWP, Neve

For teams that need wide capability without starting from scratch, multipurpose options deliver a practical middle ground. We highlight three choices that balance design range and performance for Singapore projects.

Ultra ships with dozens of ready-made sites and the Themify Builder. Its premium add‑ons (progress bars, counters, pricing tables, audio) and modules—mega menus, live search, content restriction, timelines—reduce reliance on extra plugins while expanding capability.

OceanWP offers 210+ templates and extensions such as login popup, Instagram feed, sticky footer, and a featured slider. It is translation-ready and gives deep WooCommerce controls for granular shop behaviour.

Neve focuses on a lightweight core and starter sites. It pairs well with popular builders and delivers fast performance out of the box—ideal when teams need quick, clean integration and WooCommerce readiness.

Performance note: lean setups across all three can hit strong PageSpeed and GTmetrix results if teams activate only needed modules. Over-activating add‑ons raises payload and risks slower pages.

  • Design workflows: Themify Builder (Ultra); Customizer + extensions (OceanWP); builder-agnostic flexibility (Neve).
  • Multilingual: OceanWP and Neve integrate well with translation plugins for local sites.
  • WooCommerce depth: OceanWP gives the most granular shop controls; Ultra and Neve are solid generalists.
ProductStarter SitesKey Strength
UltraDozensAll‑in‑one modules, fewer extra plugins
OceanWP210+Extensions, WooCommerce controls
NeveStarter kitsLightweight, builder compatibility

We recommend teams map available templates to their roadmap and document chosen options. That preserves design consistency and keeps future builds fast and predictable.

Creative portfolios that put visuals first

Showcasing visual work needs a site that treats images and video as the main product, not an afterthought.

Inspiro by WPZOOM is built for that goal. It offers video background hero sections and polished gallery layouts that keep attention on creative work.

Why Inspiro fits creative teams

  • Visual impact: full-screen video heroes and built-in lightbox make media the focal point.
  • Responsive design: layouts adapt across phones, tablets, and desktops—ensuring consistency.
  • User experience: fast-loading media, intuitive navigation, and clear curation help viewers scan portfolios quickly.

Practical notes for busy teams

Organising projects is straightforward—portfolio grids, categories, and captions keep pages scannable without clutter.

Accessibility is baked in: captions, contrast checks, and keyboard navigation inside the lightbox improve reach.

FeatureBenefitEditorial impact
Video heroImmediate visual storyStronger first impressions in pitches
Lightbox galleryImmersive viewingLonger session times, clear product focus
Responsive layoutsConsistent display on devicesReduced mobile friction for clients
AccessibilityBetter reach and complianceInclusive presentations to prospects

How we recommend using Inspiro

  • Optimise media—compress, lazy-load, and use a CDN to protect performance.
  • Add contact and inquiry modules near portfolios to capture interest quickly.
  • Choose typography and colour that frame images, not overpower them, to keep brand consistency.

When your work is the product, the right portfolio interface clarifies positioning and raises perceived quality in client conversations.

Agency and freelancer favorites for client work

Delivering consistent, on‑brand sites requires design systems and predictable performance. Agencies need tools that speed delivery and make handovers painless.

Divi for pixel‑perfect control and reusable design systems

Divi ships with an extensive layout library—over 2,000 layouts—and a visual builder that gives granular control. Reusable components and global styles let teams lock brand rules.

For agencies, that means faster site builds and consistent client delivery. The interface has a learning curve but rewards with fine control and a strong user community for support.

Blocksy for speed, advanced header builder, and block editor workflow

Blocksy focuses on ultra‑fast performance and tight block editor alignment. It offers an advanced header builder, dark mode, and deep WPML/Polylang support for multilingual sites.

Blocksy’s performance pane and WooCommerce compatibility make it ideal for shops and regional projects in Singapore. Onboarding is quicker for editors familiar with the block editor.

Handover and governance: global styles, saved patterns, and starter kits reduce maintenance. We advise version control for theme JSON/settings, staging workflows, client docs, and performance budgets to keep sites fast post‑handover.

AreaDiviBlocksy
Design controlPixel‑perfect visual builderBlock editor + header builder
Reusable systemsGlobal styles, saved layoutsStarter kits, saved blocks
Performance tuningOptimization paths availableBuilt‑in performance pane
MultilingualGood third‑party supportDeep WPML/Polylang integration

Travel and booking: build experiences that convert visitors into customers

A travel product sells on emotion—we design pages that inspire then make booking simple. Storytelling drives discovery; a reliable booking flow captures intent.

Travel Way: destination showcases and storytelling‑first design

Travel Way focuses on destination pages, tour package modules, and visual storytelling. It helps travel brands present itineraries, galleries, and local tips that spark planning.

We position this option for Singapore brands that need rich media and clear itineraries. Layouts prioritise scannable content and conversion points for mobile visitors.

Ticket booking WordPress plugin: seamless booking flows and payments

Implement a ticket booking plugin to manage inventory, schedules, and payments. This reduces steps, lowers drop‑off, and supports wallet payments common with mobile users.

Key functionality: calendar availability, seat selection, payment gateways, and automated confirmations.

Price comparison plugin for WordPress: surface best deals and boost trust

A price comparison plugin presents supplier options and transparent pricing. Clear pricing tables and filters help visitors choose and reduce cart abandonment.

Plan integration carefully so booking, comparison, and theme components share styles and data without duplication.

“Show fees and inclusions early—transparent pricing converts.”

AreaBenefitAction
DiscoveryInspires planningDestination pages, galleries
BookingFewer drop‑offsTicket plugin, wallet payments
PricingBuilds trustComparison plugin, clear fees

Tips for Singapore markets: use structured data for tours, set performance budgets for images, and localise copy and currency. This improves search visibility and turns visitors into customers.

Price comparison made simple: themes and plugins that integrate seamlessly

Sites that show clear side‑by‑side options turn casual visitors into confident buyers. A focused comparison flow improves pricing clarity and reduces abandonment.

When to choose a dedicated price comparison option

Choose a full solution for affiliate catalogs, marketplaces, or ticketing portals with many vendors and frequent updates. These setups need vendor mapping, scheduled importers, and filterable grids to handle scale.

How comparison features impact UX, engagement, and conversions

Essential features include CSV/XML importers, vendor matching, spec badges, and clear CTAs that guide visitors to checkout. A comparison plugin is a good start when content scope is limited; move to a full site build as volume grows.

  • Integration matters — modules must integrate seamlessly with booking and checkout to preserve conversion funnels.
  • Responsive tables and collapsible cards keep mobile visitors engaged.
  • Analytics ties clicks to revenue — track click‑outs, partner conversions, and drop‑offs.

“Start small with a plugin, validate funnels, then scale to a dedicated solution.”

Use caseBest startWhen to scale
Low volume listingsPluginNever
Multi‑vendor marketplacePlugin + integrationsDedicated site
Ticketing portalsPlugin with bookingFull build

Performance, SEO, and UX: the triad that drives results in Singapore

When performance, search visibility, and user experience align, sites convert better and cost less to operate. We focus on the practical levers you can control—load speed, structured markup, and purposeful design—to help local businesses win attention and trust.

Core Web Vitals and mobile-first responsive design

Fast LCP, minimal CLS, and quick interactivity matter most for mobile visitors in Singapore. We prioritise critical content, defer nonessential assets, and limit third‑party scripts to protect real user metrics.

Best practices: serve images in WebP/AVIF, use responsive srcset, and deliver via CDN. Set performance budgets for fonts and animations to prevent surprise regressions.

Site structure, schema, and clean code for better rankings

Logical navigation and shallow page depth help both users and crawlers discover content. Clean markup and modular code reduce payloads and make ongoing optimisation easier.

  • Schema: Organisation, Product, Event, and FAQ to boost snippets and CTR.
  • Lean features: enable only needed functionality so the site stays light.
  • Measure & refine: align analytics with RUM data to improve templates that matter most.

Localization and multilingual readiness for a Singapore audience

Serving local visitors well starts with language and checkout that feel native. We focus on practical steps that reduce friction for Singapore users and customers.

Support for WPML and Polylang is essential for smooth localisation. Blocksy supports both and even allows different headers per language. OceanWP and Neve are translation‑ready, and Botiga works with WPML for multilingual stores.

WPML/Polylang support and language-specific headers

Prioritise language switchers, translated menus, and language‑specific headers to personalise the experience. This helps SEO and makes content clearer for the audience.

Currency, tax, and checkout nuances for regional stores

Display pricing in SGD and show tax handling up front. Configure address formats, shipping rules, and local payment options—cards, PayNow, and wallets—to reduce cart abandonment.

  • Technical items: correct hreflang, canonical signals, and fallback routing for default language.
  • Content items: local holidays, travel seasons, and regional imagery that resonate.
  • Operational items: translator workflows, string translation, and review stages for theme features and plugins.
AreaActionBenefit
LanguagesPolylang/WPML + language headersBetter UX, fewer duplicated websites
CheckoutSGD pricing, tax rulesClear pricing, higher conversions
PerformanceTest language variantsMaintain speed across options

How to compare wordpress theme options like a pro

A practical selection process saves time — and keeps your site fast as it grows. We start with a short intro, then move to focused checks and a real‑world test plan so owners can pick the right option with confidence.

Must‑have checklist: performance, integrations, customization, support

Checklist highlights:

  • Performance baselines — Lighthouse, LCP, and payload audits.
  • Integration paths — WooCommerce, page builders, analytics that integrates seamlessly.
  • Customization depth — global styles, pattern libraries, editor flows.
  • Support quality — docs, update cadence, SLA or response times.

Hands‑on testing plan: from demo import to live speed audits

Run a short pilot on staging.

  1. Time demo import and record steps to a usable homepage.
  2. Build a content template and test editor experience for non‑technical editors.
  3. Run live speed audits with real images and tracking scripts.

Total cost of ownership: licenses, add‑ons, and scalability

Estimate licensing, premium plugins, and future add‑ons. Factor in developer hours for custom integration and governance like version control for theme settings.

“Align owners, marketers, and developers early — it prevents scope creep.”

RiskWhat to verifyImpactAction
PerformanceLab + field CWVTraffic & rankingsSet budgets, defer scripts
IntegrationWooCommerce, analyticsConversion funnelsTest plugin stack on staging
CostLicenses, add‑onsLong‑term spendModel 3‑year TCO
GovernanceUpdate cadence, docsOperational riskDocument change process

Conclusion

Pick a solid starting point so your site delivers speed, clarity, and reliable growth.

For Singapore businesses we recommend practical options: Sydney for business-ready builds, SeedProd for no‑code creation, Divi for visual control, and Botiga or Kadence for stores. Astra, OceanWP, Neve, and Ultra suit teams that need flexibility.

Test features, performance, and integrations on a short pilot. Measure Core Web Vitals, editorial flows, and booking or pricing plugins if you run travel or marketplace sites.

Plan licensing, child‑theme practices, and update cadence. Strong governance protects performance and customer experience over time.

Shortlist, test, measure, and choose the option that fits your team and your audience.

FAQ

We compare WordPress themes to help choose — what should business owners focus on first?

Start with goals — define whether you need an online store, booking system, or portfolio. Prioritize responsive design, plugin compatibility (WooCommerce, page builders), and performance. These drive user experience, conversions, and long‑term flexibility.

Why does theme choice matter today for Singapore businesses?

Local buyers expect fast, mobile‑friendly sites with clear pricing and regional payment options. A suitable theme ensures smooth checkout, correct tax/currency support, and SEO‑ready structure for local search — all essential for sales and trust.

How do you test setup experience and demo import speed?

We install the theme on a staging site, import official demos, and time the process. A good theme offers one‑click demos, clear docs, and demo assets that match live performance — reducing launch time and setup costs.

How do you evaluate responsive design, UX, and mobile testing across devices?

We test across phones and tablets, check layout breakpoints, touch targets, and navigation flow. We measure Core Web Vitals on mobile and review the interface for clarity — ensuring visitors find key actions fast.

How important is plugin compatibility — like WooCommerce and page builders?

Critical. Themes that integrate seamlessly with WooCommerce, Elementor, Gutenberg, or SeedProd avoid styling conflicts and broken layouts. Compatibility reduces development friction and preserves functionality like product filters and checkout tweaks.

What performance metrics do you monitor (Core Web Vitals, Lighthouse, GTmetrix)?

We track Largest Contentful Paint, Interaction to Next Paint, Cumulative Layout Shift, and Lighthouse scores. We also use GTmetrix for waterfall analysis. These metrics correlate with user engagement and SEO outcomes.

How do update cadence, documentation, and support quality factor into theme selection?

Regular updates and clear documentation protect against security issues and compatibility problems. Responsive support shortens resolution time for site‑breaking bugs — lowering maintenance costs and risk for business owners.

What’s the trade‑off between niche and multipurpose approaches?

Niche themes include industry features (travel packages, booking flows) that speed launches. Multipurpose templates offer flexibility for evolving needs and custom builds. Choose niche for speed to market; choose multipurpose for long‑term scalability.

Which themes are recommended as top picks for 2025?

For business sites, consider Sydney for ready starters; SeedProd for no‑code builds and landing pages; Divi for visual control; Botiga for WooCommerce; and Astra for fast, lightweight starts. Each suits different priorities — speed, control, or e‑commerce.

How do Sydney, SeedProd, and Divi differ in practice?

Sydney offers business‑ready starters and Elementor widgets for quick builds. SeedProd doubles as a theme and landing page builder with AI site creation. Divi provides a vast layout library and visual builder — with a steeper learning curve but deep design control.

For WooCommerce stores, what theme features boost conversions?

Look for quick view, fly‑out cart, wishlists, product filters, optimized checkout, and product page templates. Themes like Botiga, Astra, and Kadence include these tools to reduce friction and increase average order value.

Which multipurpose themes offer the best flexibility?

Ultra, OceanWP, and Neve balance features and performance. Ultra bundles premium add‑ons; OceanWP offers extensive templates and WooCommerce controls; Neve focuses on lightweight performance and page builder compatibility.

What should creatives look for in portfolio themes?

Prioritize visual performance — video background support, lightbox galleries, and responsive showcase layouts. Inspiro is an example that emphasizes media presentation while keeping load times low.

Which themes do agencies and freelancers favor for client work?

Agencies often choose Divi for pixel control and reusable systems, or Blocksy for speed, advanced header options, and a Gutenberg/block workflow that streamlines client handoffs.

How do travel and booking themes handle conversions and storytelling?

Good travel templates highlight destinations, package details, and trust signals. They pair with booking plugins for seamless reservation flows and payment integration — reducing abandonment and improving user experience.

When should you pick a price comparison theme or plugin integration?

Choose comparison tools when your site’s goal is to present deals, filters, and side‑by‑side pricing. These features increase engagement and trust, particularly for travel, insurance, or product marketplaces.

How do comparison features impact UX, engagement, and conversions?

Clear comparison tables, sortable filters, and accurate pricing reduce decision friction. When implemented with fast, accessible layouts, they boost time on site and conversion rates.

What SEO and UX practices should a theme support for Singapore markets?

Themes should enable mobile‑first layouts, clean code, schema markup, and fast Core Web Vitals. Localized content, proper headers, and structured data improve visibility for regional searches.

How do localization and multilingual readiness affect regional stores?

Support for WPML or Polylang, currency switchers, and localized checkout flows are essential. Themes that accommodate language‑specific headers and tax settings reduce friction for cross‑border customers.

How can business owners test theme options like pros?

Use a checklist: performance, integrations, customization, and support. Run hands‑on tests from demo import to live speed audits. Factor in total cost — licenses, premium add‑ons, and developer time — before committing.

Comments are closed.